猪流行性腹泻病毒M蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)抗M蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究以截短表达的His-M重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠;以截短表达的GST-M重组蛋白作为包被抗原,采用常规的淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备杂交瘤细胞,通过间接ELISA进行筛选,得到一株稳定分泌抗M蛋白MAb.MAb亚类鉴定为IgG2b型,轻链为к链,杂交瘤细胞培养上清和诱导的小鼠腹水抗体效价分别为1:3000和1:2×105.Western blot试验表明该MAb能够识别重组及天然的PEDV M蛋白.间接免疫荧光试验表明该MAb能够与PEDV感染的Vero E6细胞产生特异性免疫荧光.     

Development of a novel diagnostic test for detection of bovine viral diarrhea persistently infected animals using hair

The purpose of this study was to determine whether manually plucked hairs might serve as an alternative sample for a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) testing. Twenty three, 1~3 week old, non-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccinated calves, found to be positive for BVDV by immunohistochemical staining, were selected and hairs were manually plucked from the ear. qRT-PCR was performed on samples consisting of more than 30 hairs (30~100) and whole blood. All 23 animals were positive for the virus by qRT-PCR performed on the whole blood and when samples of more than 30 hairs were assayed. Additionally, qRT-PCR was performed on groups of 10 and 20 hairs harvested from 7 out of 23 immunohistochemical staining-positive calves. When groups of 20 and 10 hairs were tested, 6 and 4 animals, respectively, were positive for the virus.     

在不同有效磷日粮中添加植酸酶对仔猪生产性能的影响

将体重相近的60头15kg左右的杜长大仔猪分为5个处理（对照组、AP降低0．1％、AP降低0．12％、AP降低0．1％＋酶、AP降低0．12％＋酶），每个处理3个重复，每重复4头仔猪。研究结果表明：曰粮有效磷水平和植酸酶对仔猪生长、料重比都有显著的影响（P〈0．05），与对照组相比，当日粮有效磷水平降低0．1％，仔猪体重、日增重会显著降低，而料重比显著上升；当有效磷降低0．1％添加植酸酶时，仔猪体重、日增重会显著增加，而料重比显著下降；当日粮有效磷降低0．12％时，不论加酶与否，其体重、日增重都会显著下降，而料重比会显著增加。     

Increasing diet viscosity using carboxymethylcellulose in weaned piglets stimulates protein digestibility

Ileal indigestible protein may be an important factor for the occurrence of post weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Depending on the quantity of indigested protein, an imbalance in the microbial community can occur, resulting in an overgrowth of pathogens. Diet viscosity may influence nutrient digestibility and substrate availability for microbial growth. Therefore, we examined the effect of dietary viscosity in piglet nutrition. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added as a model substance in order to increase diet viscosity. The effect of 1% supplemented CMC on nutrient digestibility, morphological and physiological parameters was measured in piglets 3 weeks post weaning at 26 days of age. The main effects of inclusion of CMC were:

– A 10% slower gastric emptying rate (P = 0.18).

– An increased protein hydrolysis in the gastric fraction, measured as increased nitrogen concentration in the liquid phase of gastric contents (26% in control vs. 34% in experimental group; P = 0.13).

– An increased production of the protein hydrolysing enzyme amino-peptidase from 359 U/g protein for the control diet to 516 U/g protein for the experimental diet (P < 0.01).

– A numerical increase in apparent ileal protein digestibility by 6% from 75.2% to 79.5% (P = 0.22) and a significant increase in faecal protein digestibility by 5% (P = 0.044).

These results indicate that an optimized diet viscosity might be one factor exerting a beneficial influence on protein digestibility. We hypothesize that the effect of diet viscosity on gastric emptying rate is the major factor.     

人工感染猪流行性腹泻病毒仔猪外周血SmIg+B细胞及T细胞的动态观察

本实验对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)—J毒株细胞培养毒接种的6头仔猪和3头健康仔猪外周血SmIg~+B细胞及T淋巴细胞的数量作了检测。T细胞用总E玫瑰花(Et)及活化E玫瑰花(Ea)试验作检测,SmIg~+B细胞用荧光素标记的葡萄球菌A蛋白(FITC—SPA)菌体法鉴定。结果:接种后,SmIg~+B细胞百分率显著上升,于第23天时达峰值(29.19±3.45),明显高于对照猪(P<0.05),Et玫瑰花百分率虽略有上升,但与接种前相比无统计学差异(P>0.05),而Ea玫瑰花百分率则显著低于接种前水平(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,PEDV—J毒株细胞培养毒可刺激仔猪B细胞明显增多。由此认为,B淋巴细胞积极参与PED的免疫反应过程,体液免疫是PED猪的主要免疫反应。     

牛轮状病毒性腹泻的研究

从安徽、河南两地黄牛犊腹泻粪样中分离出了３株能在ＭＡ－１０４细胞上稳定繁殖、继代的轮状病毒（标号为ＢＲＶ００７、ＢＲＶ０１４及ＨＮ－７）。中和试验表明，该３株黄牛分离毒与北京奶牛毒ＢＲＶ６５５５及国外参考毒株ＮＣＤＶ之间抗原性无差异，同属轮状病毒血清６型（或牛轮状病毒血清１型），在亚组抗原特异性上均为第Ⅰ亚组。用ＢＲＶ０１４高代次（５０代以上）细胞培养物（ＴＣＩＤ５０＝１０－６．５）于孕母牛产前３个月和１个月经肌肉免疫注射２次，可明显提高母牛初乳中的轮状病毒抗体，在产后２０ｄ，抗体滴度仍能维持在１∶６４；临床观察，免疫母牛所产犊牛的腹泻发生率较对照组降低８３．８％。     

仔猪钙磷缺乏症的病理学研究

试验用8周龄长白×雅南杂交断奶仔猪24头,分4组,分别喂给基础(低磷低钙)饲粮(Ca0.06％,P0.216％),低磷(Ca0.65％,P0.216％)、低钙(Ca0.218％,P0.55％)和正常对照(Ca0.65％,P0.55％)饲粮。低磷组病变表现为类骨组织大量增生,血清磷含量显著降低。低钙组和基础组表现为纤维性骨营养不良,并且长骨骺板下有出血、坏死和裂缝;甲状旁腺、甲状腺组织增生,血清钙含量明显下降。测基础组碱性磷酸酶活性时,有显著升高。发病各组胫骨的钙、磷及粗灰分含量均有显著性降低。并对甲状旁腺和胫骨骨骺进行了电镜观察。     

Equine chronic diarrhea: Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine review

Chronic diarrhea is a common problem in equine practice. Herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disease in horses for at least one thousand years. In present-day equine practice in China, the most common approach to treat chronic diarrhea is herbal medicine, or a combination of herbal medicine and acupuncture. Three types of chronic diarrhea in horses will be described in detail in term of symptoms, diagnosis and herbal treatments in this paper. Nineteen herbal formulas for treatment of different types of diarrhea will be introduced. Clinical results of each herbal formula will be evaluated. Acupuncture treatment of this problem will also be included.     

犊牛腹泻的病因、诊断及综合防治

介绍了犊牛腹泻的流行病学、发病原因及临床症状,并对该病的实验室诊断、治疗及综合预防措施进行了综述。     

犊牛腹泻病中沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定

近年来,随着新疆塔里木地区养牛业的迅速发展,奶牛头数的不断增多,犊牛腹泻的发病率也是呈上升趋势。从12头1月龄腹泻犊牛的粪样中进行细菌学分离27株菌株,其中分离得到5株沙门氏菌,药敏实验发现5株为沙门氏菌对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星极敏感,对阿莫西林产生耐药性,使用红霉素、庆大霉素时需要加大剂量。